Test 2, Honors Introduction to Philosophy, Guidelines and Review

 

General Guidelines:

 

- Test 2 is Tuesday, November 3. 

 

- You do not need a scantron sheet or a bluebook.  Just bring a reliable pen and/or pencil.

 

- Students who arrive late for the test will not be allowed to take the test unless no student has yet left the room.

 

- Students who leave the room before completing their test will not be allowed to complete or alter their test upon their return.

 

- You are responsible for all lecture material as well as for the following readings (from the syllabus):

- pp. 337-341, introductory essay to metaphysics and epistemology
- pp. 343-344, excerpt from Plato's Meno.
- pp. 380-384, excerpt from Plato's Republic, the Allegory of the Cave (or online)
- pp. 344-346, "Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?"  (a.k.a. the "Gettier Problem)

- Excerpt from Republic, Book VI  (The Divided Line).

- Excerpt from Descartes’ Meditations, pp. 351-358.

- Excerpt from Berkeley’s Of the Principles of Human Knowledge, pp. 384-392 (extra credit only) 

 

- Note that the following readings will be held over until Test 3 and will not be on Test 2:

- Excerpt from Hume’s An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, pp. 422-428

- Goodman, “The New Riddle of Induction”, pp. 447-451.

- Philosophy of Mind basic glossary

- Ramachandran’s notebook

- Searle, “Can Computers Think?”, pp. 677-683.

- Frank Jackson’s Knowledge Arg. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/qualia-knowledge/

 

- Anything from the assigned readings or lecture material is fair game; however, I will emphasize the review material discussed below on the test.

 

- You should be able to identify the author of selected passages of text (such passages will be chosen so as to be particularly revealing of the author’s views). 

 

 

Topics and Questions and to Review for Test 2:

Remember, anything from the Test 2 reading  (listed above) or lectures, is fair game, but these are the topics that will be emphasized on the test.

 

Plato:

- Understand the traditional (Platonic) view of knowledge as Justified, True, Belief.  Understand what each of those three contributes to the definition of knowledge, and be able to supply examples of cases where only one of those components is missing (such as we did in class).

 

- Know the major elements of Plato’s Cave (what’s in it, what’s outside it).  Be able to draw a rough sketch.  Explain the major philosophical points he makes with the Cave.  Be able to relate the Cave to the Divided Line.

 

- Be able to reproduce and explain the Divided Line, including all components.  Be able to explain how it reflects Plato’s epistemology as well as ontology.  Know, especially, what the Forms are.  Be able to relate the Divided Line to the Cave.

 

- Explain the Tripartite division of the soul and society, including the Myth of the Metals (only insofar as discussed in class). 

 

Gettier:

- Understand the overall point of Gettier’s argument against the traditional view of knowledge.  Know the Jones/Ford/Brown is in Barcelona example and how it affects the traditional view of knowledge.

 

 

Descartes:

- Understand what makes Descartes a rationalist.

- In the First Meditation, be able to trace, in order, every candidate Descartes considers, then rejects, as a kind of certain knowledge.  Make sure you understand why he rejects each. 

- Understand Descartes’ reasoning in the Second Meditation concerning the “cogito” argument.

- Understand the point Descartes is making concerning the ball of wax.

- What was Descartes trying to accomplish in writing the Meditations?

- What is solipsism, and how might Descartes’ cogito argument lead one into it?

- Understand, generally, what the spirit of the times was like when Descartes was writing.

- Remember that Descartes’ works were banned by the Catholic Church, and placed on the Index Librorum Prohibitorum.